ATO announces changes to how penalty relief is applied
From 1 July 2018 the ATO says it will not apply penalties to tax returns and activity statements where you have made an inadvertent error by failing to take reasonable care or due to the fact that you have not taken a “reasonably arguable” position (more below).
It says that if it finds inadvertent errors in your tax return or activity statement, it will fix the error and contact the taxpayer (or the tax agent who lodged) to make sure the taxpayer is informed about how to get it right next time.
The ATO says its penalty relief applies to eligible individuals as well as entities with a turnover of less than $10 million. These entities can be:
small businesses
SMSFs
strata title bodies
not-for-profit organisations
co-operatives.
Those not eligible for penalty relief include:
wealthy individuals and their businesses
associates of wealthy individuals that may be classified as a small business entity in their own right
entities that do not meet the small business entity eligibility criteria
public groups, significant global entities and associates.
The ATO points out that no-one can apply for penalty relief — it will provide this during an audit if clients are eligible. If the ATO audits you for periods earlier than 1 July 2018, it says it will also apply penalty relief for those periods.
Relief from penalties also comes with a “reset” period, which means penalty relief will be available once every three years at most. Penalty relief is not available for example where, in the past three years, you have:
had penalty relief applied
been penalised for reckless or intentional disregard of the law
evaded tax or committed fraud
been involved in the control or management of another entity that has evaded tax
incurred debts without the intention of being able to pay, such as with phoenix activity.
Penalty relief does not apply to other taxes such as fringe benefits tax (FBT) or the super guarantee (SG).
What is a reasonably arguable position?
The process for determining whether a position is “reasonably arguable” is explained to some degree in miscellaneous taxation ruling MT 2008/2. The ATO, in taxation ruling TR 94/5, states that: “Whether the taxpayer’s treatment was reasonably arguable would depend on its relative strength when compared with the Commissioner’s and other possible treatments. In other words, taxpayers should take particular note of the Commissioner’s views on the correct operation of the law as expressed in a public ruling, but may adopt alternative treatments provided there are sound reasons for doing so.”
A Treasury review of income tax self assessment found that “reasonably arguable” is only defined in general terms. This includes that “a position is reasonably arguable if it would be concluded in the circumstances, having regard to relevant authorities, that it is at least as likely to be correct as incorrect”.
The explanatory memorandum to the A New Tax System (Tax Administration) Act (No. 2) 2000 explains this concept further as follows: “The position must be a contentious area of the law, where the relevant law is unsettled or where, although the principles of the law are settled, there is a serious question about the application of those principles to the circumstances of the particular case.”
The EM further states that: “The strength of the taxpayer’s argument should be sufficient to support a reasonable expectation that the taxpayer could win in court. The taxpayer’s argument should be cogent, well-grounded and considerable in its persuasiveness.”
PR Jennings Pty Ltd - Accountants Mornington - Ph 5975 5183
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